Voluntary download

The spyware component lies hidden within an otherwise apparently useful program. Often, the containing program is made available for download free of charge, so as to encourage wide uptake of the spyware component.

Containing programs take all forms:

• Browser components
• P2P or MP3 software
• Vice websites often require a user to install files to view certain picture types, run movies, or run gambling programs.
• Price comparisons/shopper helper programs

Intrinsic browser security vulnerabilities

While your browser's default security settings may be configured to prompt you when a website attempts to download files to your computer, in some cases you can lower these protections to view certain websites. This is not generally recommended because it can lead to security vulnerabilities that can be exploited by nefarious websites.

Human weakness

Consider the origin of the software for download and the credibility of the site before downloading.

Fake anti-spyware

When looking for anti-spyware to download, don't just use anything that you found through a search engine. It's best to use a name brand that you've read about.

You may see pop-ups that falsely claim they can fix problems with your computer or mobile device. Clicking those pop-ups will download spyware onto your device.

Malicious installation

Most criminal spyware cases involve someone from the same institution installing spyware directly onto the victim's PC.